Classification of boilers
一、 Classified by purpose
1. Power station boiler: used for power generation, mostly large-capacity, high-parameter boiler, fire chamber combustion, high efficiency, export working medium is superheated steam; 2. Industrial boiler: used for industrial production and heating, most of which are low pressure and low temperature Small-capacity boilers, burning of fire beds, low thermal efficiency, export, working fluid is called steam boiler, hot water boiler is called hot water boiler; 3. marine boiler; 4. locomotive boiler; 5. Steam injection boiler: used for steam injection thermal recovery of heavy oil in oil field, the export working medium is generally high pressure wet steam.
二、 Classified by structure
1. Fire tube boiler: flue gas flows through the fire tube, generally small capacity, low parameter boiler, low thermal efficiency, but simple structure, low water quality requirements, convenient operation and maintenance; 2. water tube boiler: steam water flows through the tube, can It can be made into a small-capacity, low-parameter boiler, and can also be made into a large-capacity, high-parameter boiler. Power station boilers are generally water tube boilers with high thermal efficiency, but also have high requirements on water quality and operating level.
三、 Classified by cycle
1. Natural circulation drum boiler; 2. Multiple forced circulation boiler boiler; 3. Low-rate circulating boiler; 4. Direct current boiler; 5. Composite circulating boiler.
四、 Classified by boiler outlet working pressure
1. Low pressure boiler: general pressure is less than 1.275MPa; 2. medium pressure boiler: general pressure is 3.825MPa; 3. high pressure boiler: general pressure is 9.8MPa; 4. ultra high pressure boiler: general pressure is 13.73MPa; 5. subcritical Pressure boiler: general pressure is 16.67MPa; 6. supercritical pressure boiler: general pressure is 22.13MPa.
五、 Classified by combustion method
1. Fire-bed combustion boiler: mainly used in industrial boilers, including fixed grate furnaces, reciprocating grate furnaces, etc.; 2. Fire chamber combustion boilers: mainly used in power station boilers, boilers burning liquid fuel, gaseous fuel and pulverized coal Both are fire chamber combustion boilers; 3. Boiling furnace: The air flow rate sent to the grate is high, so that large particles of coal are tumbling in the boiling bed above the grate, and small particles of coal are rising and burning with the air.
六、 Classified by fuel or energy used
1. Solid fuel boiler: burning solid fuel such as coal; 2. Liquid fuel boiler: burning liquid fuel such as heavy oil; 3. Gas fuel boiler: burning gaseous fuel such as natural gas.
七、 Classified by slag discharge method
1. Solid waste slag boiler; 2. Liquid slag discharge boiler.
八、 According to the furnace flue gas pressure
1. Negative pressure boiler: the furnace pressure maintains negative pressure, there is a delivery and induced draft fan, which is the main type of coal-fired boiler; 2. Micro-positive pressure boiler: the furnace pressure is 2-5KPa, no need for induced draft fan, easy to low-oxygen combustion.
九、 Drum layout classification
1. Single drum; 2. Double drum.
十、Waste heat boiler
Use waste heat from industries such as metallurgy and petrochemical industry as heat source.
十一、Atomic energy boiler
A steam generator that uses thermal energy released by a nuclear reactor as a heat source.
十二、Waste heat boiler
A boiler that uses waste such as garbage, bark, and waste liquid as fuel.
十三、 Other energy boilers
A steam generator or water heater that uses energy such as geothermal or solar energy.
Class A boiler: rated working pressure (gauge pressure, the same below) P ≥ 3.8 MPa boiler, including: 1. Ultra-supercritical boiler: P ≥ 27.0MPa or rated outlet temperature ≥ 590 ° C boiler; 2. Supercritical boiler: 22.1MPa≤P<27.0MPa; 3. Subcritical boiler: 16.7MPa≤P<22.1MPa; 4.UHP boiler: 13.7MPa≤P<16.7MPa; 5.High pressure boiler: 9.8MPa≤P<13.7MPa;6 Sub-high pressure boiler: 5.4MPa ≤ P < 9.8MPa; 7. Medium pressure boiler: 3.8MPa ≤ P < 5.4MPa.
Class B boiler: 1. Steam boiler: 0.8MPa<P<3.8MPa or rated evaporation >1.0t/h; 2. Hot water boiler: rated outlet temperature ≥120°C or rated thermal power>4.2MW; 3. Organic heat Carrier boiler: (1) boiler using gas phase organic heat carrier; (2) liquid phase organic heat carrier boiler: rated thermal power > 4.2 MW.
Class C boiler, the following boilers except D-class boiler: 1. Steam boiler: steam boiler with rated working pressure ≤0.8MPa and rated evaporation ≤1.0t/h; 2.Hot water boiler: rated effluent temperature <120°C and Rated thermal power ≤ 4.2MW; 3. Liquid phase organic heat carrier boiler: rated thermal power ≤ 4.2MW.
Class D boiler: 1. Steam boiler: water volume ≤ 50L and rated working pressure <0.8MPa when designing normal water level; 2. Steam-water dual-purpose boiler: boiler with rated working pressure ≤0.04MPa and rated evaporation ≤0.5t/h; E Only hot water boiler pressurized with tap water, and the water temperature is ≤ 95 °C.
十四、 Free name classification
Coal-fired boilers, hot water boilers, oil-fired boilers, steam boilers, electric boilers, environmentally friendly boilers, special boilers, gas boilers, water tube boilers, heat transfer oil boilers, special boilers, dual fuel boilers, waste heat boilers, atmospheric boilers, electric boilers, Industrial boilers, hot air boilers, pressure boilers, vacuum boilers, chain boilers, domestic boilers, biogas boilers, heating boilers, tea bath boilers, power station boilers, straw gasifiers, incinerators, coal water slurry boilers, gas generators , organic heat carrier boiler, circulating fluidized bed boiler. Note: The boilers we often refer to are industrial boilers, steam boilers, hot water boilers and organic heat carrier boilers.
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